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SKILL verified MIT Self-run

Postgres Patterns

skill-codelably-harmony-claude-code-postgres-patterns · by codelably

PostgreSQL 数据库模式,涵盖查询优化、模式设计、索引和安全性。基于 Supabase 最佳实践。

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Install

$ agentstack add skill-codelably-harmony-claude-code-postgres-patterns

✓ scanned · ✓ verified, works with Claude Code, Cursor, and more.

Security review

✓ Passed

No issues found. Passed automated security review. · v0.1.0 How review works →

  • Prompt-injection patterns
  • Secret / credential exfiltration
  • Dangerous shell & filesystem operations
  • Untrusted network calls
  • Known-malicious package signatures

What it can access

  • Network access No
  • Filesystem access No
  • Shell / process execution No
  • Environment & secrets No
  • Dynamic code execution No

From automated source analysis of v0.1.0. “Used” means the capability is present in the source — more access means more to trust, not that it’s unsafe.

View the full security report →

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Reliability & compatibility

Security review passed
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6mo ago

Declared compatibility

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Compatibility is declared by the source manifest. End-to-end runtime verification is coming, see below.

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About

PostgreSQL 模式(Patterns)

PostgreSQL 最佳实践快速参考。如需详细指导,请使用 database-reviewer 智能体(Agent)。

何时激活

  • 编写 SQL 查询或迁移(Migrations)
  • 设计数据库模式(Schemas)
  • 排除慢查询故障
  • 实现行级安全性(Row Level Security, RLS)
  • 设置连接池(Connection Pooling)

快速参考

索引备忘单(Index Cheat Sheet)

| 查询模式 | 索引类型 | 示例 | |--------------|------------|---------| | WHERE col = value | B-tree(默认) | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) | | WHERE col > value | B-tree | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) | | WHERE a = x AND b > y | 复合索引(Composite) | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (a, b) | | WHERE jsonb @> '{}' | GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) | | WHERE tsv @@ query | GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) | | 时序范围(Time-series ranges) | BRIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING brin (col) |

数据类型快速参考

| 用例 | 正确类型 | 避免使用 | |----------|-------------|-------| | ID | bigint | int, 随机 UUID | | 字符串 | text | varchar(255) | | 时间戳 | timestamptz | timestamp | | 金额 | numeric(10,2) | float | | 标志位(Flags) | boolean | varchar, int |

常用模式

复合索引顺序:

-- 等值列(Equality columns)在前,范围列(Range columns)在后
CREATE INDEX idx ON orders (status, created_at);
-- 适用于:WHERE status = 'pending' AND created_at > '2024-01-01'

覆盖索引(Covering Index):

CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) INCLUDE (name, created_at);
-- 避免在执行 SELECT email, name, created_at 时进行表查找(Table lookup)

部分索引(Partial Index):

CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
-- 索引体积更小,仅包含活动用户

RLS 策略(已优化):

CREATE POLICY policy ON orders
  USING ((SELECT auth.uid()) = user_id);  -- 包裹在 SELECT 中!

UPSERT(更新插入):

INSERT INTO settings (user_id, key, value)
VALUES (123, 'theme', 'dark')
ON CONFLICT (user_id, key)
DO UPDATE SET value = EXCLUDED.value;

游标分页(Cursor Pagination):

SELECT * FROM products WHERE id > $last_id ORDER BY id LIMIT 20;
-- O(1) 复杂度,对比 OFFSET 的 O(n) 复杂度

队列处理:

UPDATE jobs SET status = 'processing'
WHERE id = (
  SELECT id FROM jobs WHERE status = 'pending'
  ORDER BY created_at LIMIT 1
  FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
) RETURNING *;

反模式(Anti-Pattern)检测

-- 查找未建立索引的外键
SELECT conrelid::regclass, a.attname
FROM pg_constraint c
JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
  AND NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
    WHERE i.indrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
  );

-- 查找慢查询
SELECT query, mean_exec_time, calls
FROM pg_stat_statements
WHERE mean_exec_time > 100
ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC;

-- 检查表膨胀(Table bloat)
SELECT relname, n_dead_tup, last_vacuum
FROM pg_stat_user_tables
WHERE n_dead_tup > 1000
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC;

配置模板

-- 连接限制(根据 RAM 调整)
ALTER SYSTEM SET max_connections = 100;
ALTER SYSTEM SET work_mem = '8MB';

-- 超时设置
ALTER SYSTEM SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = '30s';
ALTER SYSTEM SET statement_timeout = '30s';

-- 监控
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;

-- 安全默认设置
REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA public FROM public;

SELECT pg_reload_conf();

相关内容

  • 智能体(Agent):database-reviewer - 完整的数据库审查工作流
  • 技能(Skill):clickhouse-io - ClickHouse 分析模式
  • 技能(Skill):backend-patterns - API 和后端模式

基于 Supabase Agent Skills (MIT 许可证)

Source & license

This open-source skill is cataloged on AgentStack and links to its original source — we do not rehost the code.

Install and usage instructions live in the source repository linked above.

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Versions

  • v0.1.0 Imported from the upstream source.