Apollo Icp Builder

Apollo ICP Builder (Targeting)

Turn a business into three things: a filled client-profile.yaml, a concrete Apollo search that returns the right people, and one to three custom scoring signals, all validated by a human on real samples before anyone builds a full list.

This is the front door. Nothing downstream is honest without it. A great sequence sent to the wrong list is a great sequence wasted.

When to use

• Setting up outbound for a new business or campaign, with no profile.yaml yet.
• The ICP is vague ("B2B founders," "SMBs") and needs to become a real Apollo search.
• Re-targeting: the current list is not converting and you suspect the ICP, not the copy.

Principle

Read references/outbound-principles.md if you have not. The two that drive this skill:

• Scoring is custom, not a universal rubric. Define one to three data points that actually separate good fit from bad for this client. Do not import a generic 100-point model.
• Validate with samples. Pull 50 to 100 real prospects and get a human "yes, this is my customer" before building the full list. Never skip this.

Process

1. Anchor on the business

If brief.md exists, read it first (see business-brief, Context). It answers most of this step: what they sell, who buys, why, and the voice. Say back a one-paragraph summary and propose an ICP starting point drawn from its "Who buys" and Proof sections.

If there is no brief, offer to build one with business-brief (the better path). If the operator wants to move fast instead, do the lite version: read the website, say back in one paragraph what they sell, who to, and the value proposition, then propose an ICP starting point (titles, industries, size) drawn from their case studies and homepage. Ask for corrections. If there is no website either, get two sentences: what they sell and to whom.

2. Separate hard filters from soft preferences

For every criterion, ask: "If someone matches everything except this, do we still reach out?"

• No to hard filter (must match, goes in the search).
• Yes to soft preference (a personalization angle or a scoring signal, not a search filter).

Job title and industry are usually hard. Headcount is usually soft at the edges. Triggers (funded, hiring, tech installed) are almost never hard filters, they are signals.

3. Translate the ICP into Apollo filters

Map each hard criterion to a real Apollo field. Do not invent filters. The full field map with gotchas is in references/apollo-search-reference.md. The common ones:

• Titles to person_titles (set include_similar_titles: false for strict matches).
• Seniority to person_seniorities (senior, manager, director, vp, c_suite).
• Location to person_locations.
• Company size to organization_num_employees_ranges (e.g. ['51,200']).
• Industry to q_organization_keyword_tags (e.g. ['SaaS']) or NAICS/SIC codes.
• Revenue to revenue_range (raw integers, no symbols).
• Tech stack to currently_using_any_of_technology_uids.

4. Define one to three scoring signals

What separates a good-fit account from a barely-fit one for this business? Pick one to three. Two kinds:

• Filter signals map to a native Apollo field, so they narrow the search directly. Example: "has a real sales team" to organization_department_or_subdepartment_counts: {master_sales: {min: 5}}. "Recently funded" to latest_funding_date_range (company search).
• Research signals need a look at the company. Example: "has a pricing page," "sells a specific product line." Apollo's own AI research is not on the MCP, so Claude does this natively: read the site, decide, tag the record. This runs at list time (List), but define the rule here.

Each lead ends up tagged High, Medium, or Low priority (that is all the user sees). If you have nothing to start from, begin with Apollo's built-in Bronze-to-Platinum fit score, then upgrade to your own one to three signals as the campaign teaches you what predicts fit. See references/scoring-starter-frameworks.md. Always frame scoring as custom, never as the one true rubric.

5. Pick the buying-committee personas

Decide who at the account you are reaching. Set person_seniorities and person_titles for each persona (champion, economic buyer, end user). Keep the list tight. How you write to executives vs managers (the ATL/BTL split) is Message, not here.

6. Build and sanity-check in Apollo

Run apollo_mixed_people_api_search with the filters, per_page: 10, page: 1, and read the total available count.

• Over 50,000: too broad (that is Apollo's display ceiling anyway). Tighten with more filters.
• A few hundred or fewer: too narrow. Loosen a soft edge, or widen titles/geo.
• A workable range: good. Note that search does not return emails and may mask last names; enrichment happens at List.

The count is the total_entries field in the response. When it comes back huge, do not just say "tighten," find what is inflating it. Broad title buckets ("manager", "events", "marketing") plus include_similar_titles: true can multiply the count 100x or more. Re-run once with include_similar_titles: false and only the strict core titles to see the real base, then widen on purpose. Report the difference to the user so they choose the breadth, for example: "679 people have a literal trade-show title; 91,000 if we widen to all marketing and events roles." One inflated number trusted blindly is how bad lists start.

If you use apollo_mixed_companies_search, it costs 1 credit per call that returns results. Confirm first with the exact words: "This will consume 1 credit. Do you want to proceed?"

6b. Size several angles before committing to one

An ICP is who to reach. An angle is why they are relevant right now, and the same ICP usually supports several. Because people search costs nothing, you can size half a dozen angles in a few minutes and choose on real numbers instead of instinct. Almost nobody does this, and it is one of the cheapest good decisions available.

Angles come in three kinds, and the difference decides how long a list stays good:

| Kind | Example | Decays? | |---|---|---| | Timing signal | Hiring an SDR right now, just raised, just changed jobs | Yes. Sharp while it lasts, stale within weeks. Rebuild it, do not stockpile it. | | Technographic fit | Already uses the tool your offer wraps around | Slowly. Someone who owns the product qualifies themselves. | | Structural fact | 11-200 employees with 0-2 people in sales, so the founder is selling | No. Permanent until the company changes shape. The most durable list you can build. |

Size each candidate with per_page: 1 and read total_entries. A real session sized seven angles for free and the spread was large: one signal-based angle at 3,243, a technographic angle at 1,044, and a structural angle at 2,837, against an unfiltered baseline of 203,908. That baseline is worth computing every time, because it shows what choosing an angle is actually buying you.

Then pick deliberately, and expect roughly 85% attrition from raw count to sendable after drift cuts, deduping, verified-only filtering, and catch-all removal. A 1,000-person angle is a 150-person campaign.

One angle per campaign. Two angles in one campaign means one message trying to be relevant for two different reasons, and a result you cannot attribute to either. If you run several, keep them as separate lists and suppress each against the others (List, step 3).

Full treatment, including the three kinds of angle and how to sequence several: references/angles.md.

7. Validate with samples

Pull 50 to 100 people from the search. Put them in front of a human: "Is this your ideal customer?" Walk a few concrete examples, not just the count. Document every "avoid X" and "prioritize Y" as an exclusion or a soft preference. Do not proceed to the full list build until the samples pass.

8. Write the profile

Save the ICP, the scoring signals, and the exact Apollo filter set to profile.yaml. The filter set is the source of truth (the MCP cannot create a named Apollo saved search, so store the filters, and optionally recreate the saved search by hand in the Apollo UI).

icp:
  titles: [...]
  seniority: [...]
  industries: [...]
  headcount: 
  geos: [...]
  exclusions: [...]
scoring_signals:
  - name: = 5>
    type: filter | research
    apollo: 
    rule: 
apollo:
  people_search_filters: {  }

Output

A filled profile.yaml with a validated ICP, one to three scoring signals, and a reproducible Apollo filter set. Hand off to List (list building) to enrich, apply research signals, grade, and build the full list.

Common mistakes

• Treating a trigger (funded, hiring) as a hard filter. It shrinks the list 20x and it is a signal, not a requirement.
• Building the full list before samples are approved.
• Importing a generic scoring rubric instead of finding the one to three signals that matter here.
• Titles too broad. "Manager" alone pulls every department. Pair titles with seniorities and departments.

Source & license

This open-source skill is cataloged on AgentStack and links to its original source — we do not rehost the code.

• Author: jimmy-creatop
• Source: jimmy-creatop/apollo-operator
• License: MIT

Install and usage instructions live in the source repository linked above.